Fig. 2

Instrumented SPAT assessment for two representative participants with a clear (left) and little (right) reflexive response. A Ensemble averaged (3 repetitions) torque-angle curves for the instrumented SPAT at both slow (light solid line) and fast (dark solid line) velocity at week 0 (T0). The work delivered by the ankle joint is highlighted for the slow velocity trial (light-shaded area) and the difference (\(\Delta\)Torque) between the fast and slow velocity trials (dark-shaded area). The instrumented SPAT was analyzed from 10 to 90% pROM with the limited pROM used for the PC technique demarcated (dash-dotted verticals). B Ensemble averaged difference in torque (\(\Delta\)Torque) between the fast and slow velocity SPAT at each session: week 0 (T0), 6 (T1) and 12 (T2) after BoNT-A injection. Torque differences were computed by interpolating the slow velocity torque data onto the exact angles measured in the fast velocity dataset, visualized by the dark-shaded area in A. Manipulator movement was restricted to the maximal ankle pROM each session for safety, reflected by the varying pROM depicted across sessions