The multi-grip and standard myoelectric hand prosthesis compared: does the multi-grip hand live up to its promise?

Table 1 Participant characteristics of MHP and SHP groups

Characteristics	MHP group	SHP group	Test Statistic (t or χ²)	df	p-value	Effect size (r or V)
Characteristics	N(%)/mean ± SD	N(%)/mean ± SD
N	14 (100)	19 (100)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Age	48.6 ± 12.4	58.1 ± 15.7	− 1.9	31	0.07	0.3
Sex			0.0	1	0.95	0.0
- Male - Female	9 (64.3) 5 (35.7)	13 (68.4) 6 (31.6)
Origin of limb absence			0.0	1	0.88	0.0
- Congenital - Acquired	7 (50) 7 (50)	9 (47.4) 10 (52.6)
Side of limb absence			0.1	1	0.80	0.0
- Left - Right	9 (64.3) 5 (35.7)	13 (68.4) 6 (31.6)
Wrist type of MHP/SHP			3.7	3	0.30	0.2
- Non-movable wrist - Mechanic wrist - Myoelectric wrist - Not applicable	0 11 (78.6) 3 (21.4) 0	3 (15.8) 13 (68.4) 2 (22.2) 1 (5.3)
Type of MHP^a			N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
- i-Limb^b - Bebionic^c - Vincent Hand^d	5 (35.7) 8 (57.1) 1 (7.1)	N/A
Experience with current prosthesis (years)	3.1 ± 2.8	29.4 ± 19.8	− 5.7	31	0.00*	0.7
Experience with prostheses total (years)	23.7 ± 21.6	37.1 ± 16.3	− 2.0	31	0.05	0.3

^aSee Additional file 1: Table A1 for overview of MHP used per participant
^bWeight: 432–628 g, speed: 163 mm/s, force: 46–191 N (depending on grip), available grips: 36 [66, 67]
^cWeight: 402–689 g, speed: 150 mm/s, force: 26–140 N (depending on grip), available grips: 14 [68]
^dWeight: 399–560 g, speed: 237–288 mm/s, force: 12–44 N (depending on grip), available grips: 15 [69]
MHP multi-grip myoelectric hand prosthesis, SHP standard myoelectric hand prosthesis, N number of participants, SD standard deviation
*Statistically significant at p < 0.01 (in bold)

ISSN: 1743-0003