From: Comparison of five different methodologies for evaluating ankle–foot orthosis stiffness
Fixture name | EMPIRE | SMApp | KST | BRUCE |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fixture capabilities | ||||
Maximum Testable Dorsiflexion | 25 deg | 25 deg | 20 deg | 20 deg |
Maximum Testable Plantarflexion | 5 deg | 25 deg | 30 deg | 10 deg |
Tested Rotational Speed | 0.75 deg/s | 1 deg/s | 0.75 deg/s | Manual |
Fixture Speed Range | 0.75 deg/s | 0 to 100 deg/s | 0 to 30 deg/s | Manual |
Load Measurement | Six Axis load cell | Uniaxial Force Transducer | Uniaxial Torque Sensor | Uniaxial Force Transducer |
Max Ankle Torque | 89 Nm † | 626 Nm | 25 Nm | 133.5 Nm |
Sample rate | 100 Hz | 35 Hz | 1000 Hz | 100 Hz |
AFO Mounting and Alignment | ||||
Footplate Attachment | Fixed/Clamped | Fixed/Clamped | Fixed/Clamped | Fixed/Clamped |
Tibial Cuff Attachment | Fixed/Clamped | Mounted to a linear bearing | Fixed/Clamped | Mounted to a linear bearing |
Transverse Alignment | Medial Border | Bisected | Medial Border | Bisected |
Axis of Rotation Vertical Position | 81 mm | 55 mm‡ | 81 mm | 75 mm |
Axis of Rotation Fore/Aft Position | Uncontrolled, based on surrogate shank fit | Uncontrolled, based on surrogate shank fit | Uncontrolled, based on surrogate shank fit | Uncontrolled, based on surrogate shank fit |
Data processing | ||||
AFO Precycling | 1st cycle discarded | Precycled once prior to recorded testing | 1st cycle discarded | Precycled prior to recorded testing |
Adjusted for fixture inertia? | Yes | Yes | No | No |
Initial data Filtering | 1 Hz LP | No | No | 10 Hz LP |