Fused ultrasound and electromyography-driven neuromuscular model to improve plantarflexion moment prediction across walking speeds

Table 2 Calibration results with three HNM categories in both single-speed modes and inter-speed mode on each participant

Subject	HNMs	Single-speed modes				Inter-speed mode
		1.25 m/s		1.50 m/s		All speeds
		RMSE	\(R^{2}\)	RMSE	\(R^{2}\)	RMSE	\(R^{2}\)
Sub01	sEMG	13.40	0.955	14.59	0.953	14.42	0.936
	US imaging	13.85	0.952	13.38	0.960	18.79	0.893
	sEMG-US imaging	12.61	0.960	12.76	0.964	12.95	0.949
Sub02	sEMG	13.47	0.823	11.29	0.874	10.62	0.862
	US imaging	16.86	0.724	13.76	0.816	12.28	0.818
	sEMG-US imaging	13.41	0.822	8.79	0.922	10.01	0.877
Sub03	sEMG	11.55	0.950	12.07	0.946	13.53	0.924
	US imaging	11.62	0.950	13.01	0.938	16.19	0.916
	sEMG-US imaging	9.38	0.967	11.30	0.952	11.38	0.951
Sub04	sEMG	14.91	0.893	14.89	0.913	17.14	0.848
	US imaging	17.26	0.857	15.13	0.911	23.52	0.723
	sEMG-US imaging	14.87	0.894	14.86	0.914	17.12	0.849
Sub05	sEMG	6.79	0.963	8.15	0.954	10.60	0.892
	US imaging	6.87	0.961	8.51	0.949	12.97	0.840
	sEMG-US imaging	6.67	0.964	8.08	0.954	10.48	0.895
Sub06	sEMG	8.74	0.964	18.06	0.884	13.13	0.905
	US imaging	13.54	0.915	15.99	0.908	17.32	0.832
	sEMG-US imaging	8.37	0.967	13.91	0.931	11.76	0.922
Sub07	sEMG	7.66	0.941	10.59	0.898	9.46	0.890
	US imaging	7.38	0.946	9.37	0.920	10.41	0.868
	sEMG-US imaging	7.04	0.951	9.02	0.927	8.64	0.909
Sub08	sEMG	11.74	0.912	14.98	0.864	14.98	0.864
	US imaging	10.82	0.925	14.27	0.877	14.27	0.877
	sEMG-US imaging	10.44	0.931	13.76	0.886	13.76	0.886
Sub09	sEMG	7.55	0.925	8.02	0.954	10.58	0.929
	US imaging	9.64	0.878	8.28	0.923	14.38	0.870
	sEMG-US imaging	6.87	0.955	7.92	0.955	10.08	0.933
Sub10	sEMG	12.10	0.946	10.85	0.956	13.14	0.939
	US imaging	12.89	0.939	11.86	0.948	17.26	0.906
	sEMG-US imaging	10.19	0.962	10.08	0.962	12.37	0.960

ISSN: 1743-0003