Table 2 Characteristics of included studies
From: Serious games for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: a meta-analysis
Author | Participantsa | Ageb | Stroke stage | Type of device | PEDro score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adomaviciene [51] | 42 | 64.6 | Subacute | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Ang [52] | 21 | 54.2 | Chronic | Haptic Knob robotic system, LCD monitor | 6 |
Aprile [53] | 224 | 69.5 | Subacute | 4 different robotic devices | 6 |
Askin [54] | 38 | 55.0 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 6 |
Brunner [40] | 120 | 62.0 | Subacute | Motion capture gloves, LCD monitor | 7 |
Cameirao [55] | 19 | 61.0 | Subacute | Motion capture system, data gloves, LCD monitor | 5 |
Cameirao [56] | 44 | 62.0 | Chronic | Motion capture system, data gloves, LCD monitor | 6 |
Cho [57] | 38 | 60.0 | Chronic | End-effector robot, LCD monitor | 8 |
Choi [58] | 24 | 61.0 | Subacute | Smartphone and tablet computer | 6 |
Crosbie [59] | 18 | 60.0 | Chronic | Immersive VR motion tracking system | 8 |
Dehem [14] | 45 | 67.3 | Subacute | End-effector robot, LCD monitor | 7 |
Duff [60] | 21 | 68.5 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Henrique [61] | 31 | 76.0 | Chronic | Immersive VR motion tracking system | 5 |
Housman [62] | 28 | 55.0 | Chronic | Robotic exoskeleton, LCD monitor | 5 |
Hung [13] | 33 | 58.5 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 7 |
Jang [63] | 10 | 57.1 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Jo [64] | 29 | 64.0 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Kim [65] | 23 | 53.5 | Subacute | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 8 |
Kiper [66] | 80 | 64.0 | Subacute | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Kiper [67] | 44 | 64.3 | Subacute | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Kiper [46] | 136 | 63.9 | Subacute | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 6 |
Klamroth-Marganska [68] | 73 | 56.5 | Chronic | Robotic exoskeleton, LCD monitor | 8 |
Kottink [32] | 18 | 61.5 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 6 |
Kwon [69] | 26 | 57.5 | Subacute | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Laffont [44] | 51 | 58.0 | Subacute | Touchscreen interface, computer monitor | 8 |
Lee [70] | 26 | 67.5 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 8 |
Lee [71] | 18 | 71.1 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 6 |
Lee [72] | 30 | 51.0 | Chronic | End-effector robot, LCD monitor | 6 |
Levin [73] | 12 | 58.5 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 6 |
Liao [74] | 20 | 54.5 | Chronic | End-effector robot, LCD monitor | 7 |
Mugler [75] | 32 | 58.0 | Chronic | Surface EMG-controlled sensor, computer monitor | 6 |
Nijenhuis [76] | 19 | 60.0 | Chronic | Arm support system | 6 |
Norouzi-Gheidari [39] | 18 | 49.9 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 7 |
Ogun [77] | 65 | 60.6 | Chronic | Immersive VR motion tracking system | 6 |
Oh [17] | 31 | 55.0 | Chronic | 3-D manipulator, computer monitor | 7 |
Park [33] | 25 | 52.5 | Chronic | 2-D planar motion handlebar, LCD monitor | 7 |
Piron [78] | 36 | 65.2 | Chronic | Motion capture camera, computer monitor | 7 |
Piron [47] | 47 | 60.5 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 8 |
Prange [79] | 68 | 59.1 | Subacute | Arm support system, computer monitor | 7 |
Rogers [80] | 21 | 64.4 | Subacute | Touchscreen mega-tablet | 6 |
Schuster-Amft [81] | 54 | 61.3 | Chronic | Motion capture gloves, LCD monitor | 8 |
Shin [82] | 16 | 49.3 | Subacute | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Shin [83] | 32 | 54.0 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 6 |
Shin [84] | 46 | 58.5 | Chronic | Motion capture gloves, LCD monitor | 7 |
Subramanian [85] | 32 | 61.0 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 7 |
Thielbar [86] | 14 | 56.5 | Chronic | Pneumatically actuated motion capture gloves | 6 |
Thielbar [87] | 20 | 59.7 | Chronic | Motion capture system, LCD monitor | 5 |
Tomic [88] | 26 | 57.4 | Subacute | End-effector robot, LCD monitor | 7 |
Wolf [89] | 99 | 56.9 | Chronic | End-effector robot, computer touch screen | 7 |
Yin [90] | 23 | 58.3 | Subacute | Motion capture system, computer monitor | 6 |
Zondervan [91] | 17 | 59.5 | Chronic | Motion capture gloves, computer monitor | 6 |