Task-specific training for improving propulsion symmetry and gait speed in people in the chronic phase after stroke: a proof-of-concept study

Table 2 Means (± SDs) of propulsion measures, capacity measures, and daily-life mobility and physical activity assessed 5 weeks before (T0), 1 week before (T1), immediately after (T2) and 5 weeks after (T3) the intervention period

	T0 n = 29	T1 n = 28^e	T2 n = 29	T3 n = 23
Propulsion measures
Propulsive impulse
Symmetry^a,b	0.42 ± 0.04	0.42 ± 0.05	0.45 ± 0.05	0.46 ± 0.06
Paretic leg (N/s/kg)^a	0.21 ± 0.07	0.22 ± 0.08	0.23 ± 0.07	0.24 ± 0.08
Non-paretic leg (N/s/kg)	0.27 ± 0.06	0.28 ± 0.06	0.26 ± 0.08	0.27 ± 0.08
Trailing limb angle—paretic leg (°)^a,b	11.7 ± 4.8	12.8 ± 5.1	12.9 ± 4.3	13.3 ± 4.7
Ankle plantarflexion moment—paretic leg (Nm/kg)^a,b	12.1 ± 3.5	11.8 ± 3.9	12.9 ± 3.8	12.7 ± 3.1
Capacity measures
Gait speed (m/s) ^a,b,c,d	1.04 ± 0.20	1.07 ± 0.22	1.11 ± 0.21	1.15 ± 0.19
6MWT (m)^a	429.5 ± 116.7	434.0 ± 117.7	456.3 ± 112.6	463.4 ± 124.5
FGA (0–30)^a	19.0 ± 3.0	19.0 ± 2.6	20.3 ± 2.7	20.2 ± 2.7
Daily-life mobility and physical activity
SIS—Mobility (0–80)	48.8 ± 3.4	49.4 ± 4.0	52.6 ± 4.5	51.7 ± 4.2
Activ8 walking
Total time (min/day)	112 ± 40	108 ± 41	113 ± 40	115 ± 40
Total intensity (counts/day)^a	1198 ± 306	1174 ± 306	1241 ± 286	1300 ± 310

6MWT 6-Minute Walk Test, FGA Functional Gait Assessment, SIS Stroke Impact Scale
^aSignificant difference between baseline (combined scores of T0 and T1) and post-intervention (combined scores of T2 and T3), p ≤ 0.05
^bSignificant Intervention * Baseline interaction, p ≤ 0.05
^cSignificant difference between T0 and T1, p ≤ 0.05
^dSignificant difference between T2 and T3, p ≤ 0.05
^ePropulsion measures and gait speed are reported for 28 participants, whereas all other outcomes evaluated at T1 are reported for 29 participants

ISSN: 1743-0003