| Duration (sec) | Relative duration (%) | |||||||||
ND | SP | P1 | P2 | P3 | ND | SP | P1 | P2 | P3 | ||
M 1 | R | 0.66 ± 0.08 | ↑ 1.39 ± 0.28** | ↑ 1.61 ± 0.21 | ↑ 1.39 ± 0.09 | ↑ 1.21 ± 0.11 | 29.0 ± 2.0 | ↓ 22.6 ± 4.4** | ↓ 22.0 ± 1.9 | ↓ 22.0 ± 3.3 | ↓ 24.3 ± 2.5 |
G | 0.27 ± 0.08 | ↑ 1.63 ± 0.53** | ↑ 1.80 ± 0.21 | ↑ 2.21 ± 0.47 | ↑ 1.10 ± 0.37 | 11.5 ± 2.5 | ↑ 25.5 ± 5.9** | ↑ 24.6 ± 1.7 | ↑ 34.4 ± 4.2 | ↑ 21.6 ± 6.0 | |
T | 1.08 ± 0.12 | ↑ 2.15 ± 0.50** | ↑ 3.06 ± 0.62 | ↑ 1.83 ± 0.21 | ↑ 2.17 ± 0.19 | 47.1 ± 2.2 | ↓ 34.0 ± 4.0** | ↓ 42.3 ± 9.8 | ↓ 28.7 ± 1.5 | 43.4 ± 5.0 | |
RL | 0.28 ± 0.07 | ↑ 1.16 ± 0.43** | ↑ 0.82 ± 0.55 | ↑ 0.94 ± 0.16 | ↑ 0.54 ± 0.15 | 12.4 ± 2.3 | ↑ 17.9 ± 3.3** | 11.1 ± 6.8 | 14.9 ± 2.6 | 10.8 ± 3.1 | |
M 2 | R | 0.52 ± 0.06 | ↑ 1.07 ± 0.17** | ↑ 2.12 ± 0.70 | ↑ 0.96 ± 0.08 | ↑ 0.97 ± 0.09 | 24.4 ± 2.0 | ↓ 17.2 ± 2.6** | ↓ 25.0 ± 7.4 | ↓ 17.0 ± 1.1 | 24.2 ± 2.8 |
G | 0.18 ± 0.05 | ↑ 1.84 ± 0.43** | ↑ 1.00 ± 0.40 | ↑ 1.63 ± 0.22 | ↑ 0.67 ± 0.15 | 8.3 ± 1.7 | ↑ 28.6 ± 5.7** | 11.5 ± 2.8 | ↑ 29.1 ± 5.2 | ↑ 16.4 ± 2.7 | |
T | 1.12 ± 0.13 | ↑ 2.05 ± 0.45** | ↑ 3.71 ± 1.45 | ↑ 1.86 ± 0.23 | ↑ 1.84 ± 0.16 | 53.0 ± 2.9 | ↓ 32.8 ± 4.9** | ↓ 43.0 ± 11.2 | ↓ 32.8 ± 2.0 | ↓ 45.8 ± 2.6 | |
RL | 0.30 ± 0.08 | ↑ 1.40 ± 0.61** | ↑ 1.78 ± 0.94 | ↑ 1.21 ± 0.50 | ↑ 0.55 ± 0.08 | 14.2 ± 2.7 | ↑ 21.4 ± 6.6** | ↑ 20.6 ± 10.2 | ↑ 21.1 ± 7.7 | 13.5 ± 1.4 | |
M 3 | R | 0.65 ± 0.10 | ↑ 1.49 ± 0.35** | ↑ 1.75 ± 0.52 | ↑ 1.64 ± 0.57 | ↑ 1.31 ± 0.10 | 26.2 ± 1.8 | ↓ 21.3 ± 3.8* | ↓ 17.9 ± 4.8 | ↓ 22.0 ± 3.5 | 28.5 ± 1.5 |
G | 0.19 ± 0.06 | ↑ 2.32 ± 0.61** | ↑ 1.81 ± 0.28 | ↑ 2.84 ± 2.45 | ↑ 0.46 ± 0.10 | 7.4 ± 1.8 | ↑ 32.5 ± 5.3** | ↑ 18.6 ± 2.7 | ↑ 32.9 ± 13.7 | 10.1 ± 1.7 | |
T | 1.31 ± 0.16 | ↑ 2.10 ± 0.38** | ↑ 2.74 ± 0.24 | ↑ 2.30 ± 0.31 | ↑ 2.36 ± 0.31 | 52.9 ± 2.1 | ↓ 30.5 ± 4.5** | ↓ 28.3 ± 3.1 | ↓ 32.3 ± 7.5 | 51.4 ± 6.1 | |
RL | 0.34 ± 0.07 | ↑ 1.13 ± 0.55** | ↑ 3.40 ± 0.18 | ↑ 0.87 ± 0.28 | ↑ 0.46 ± 0.28 | 13.6 ± 2.2 | 15.7 ± 5.9 | ↑ 35.2 ± 2.7 | 12.8 ± 5.9 | 10.0 ± 5.9 | |
 | Peak hand velocity (mm/s) | Percent-to-peak hand velocity (%) | |||||||||
ND | SP | P1 | P2 | P3 | ND | SP | P1 | P2 | P3 | ||
M 1 | RG | 1164 ± 163 | ↓ 812 ± 107** | 873 ± 117 | 1038 ± 132 | ↓ 714 ± 61 | 41.2 ± 4.5 | ↓ 25.8 ± 4.6** | ↓ 17.7 ± 2.4 | ↓ 16.3 ± 1.7 | ↓ 27.3 ± 5.7 |
TRL | 1447 ± 136 | ↓ 1057 ± 188** | ↓ 682 ± 33 | ↓ 1053 ± 179 | ↓ 860 ± 47 | 29.3 ± 3.1 | ↓ 22.1 ± 5.5** | 28.4 ± 3.8 | ↓ 22.2 ± 4.4 | ↑ 37.2 ± 5.1 | |
M 2 | RG | 1352 ± 191 | ↓ 927 ± 195** | ↓ 663 ± 32 | 1018 ± 96 | ↓ 702 ± 62 | 36.8 ± 4.4 | ↓ 11.9 ± 2.0** | ↓ 14.1 ± 3.8 | ↓ 9.9 ± 0.7 | ↓ 17.0 ± 3.1 |
TRL | 1069 ± 112 | ↓ 779 ± 172** | ↓ 463 ± 64 | 971 ± 99 | ↓ 661 ± 49 | 44.8 ± 8.6 | ↓ 32.5 ± 8.4** | 36.2 ± 10.2 | 32.8 ± 7.5 | 48.5 ± 5.4 | |
M 3 | RG | 1666 ± 261 | ↓ 1267 ± 277** | ↓ 1030 ± 199 | 1389 ± 125 | ↓ 1104 ± 98 | 35.5 ± 4.0 | ↓ 11.7 ± 2.4** | ↓ 16.1 ± 2.1 | ↓ 11.4 ± 5.7 | ↓ 18.1 ± 2.0 |
TRL | 1598 ± 180 | ↓ 1343 ± 267* | ↓ 931 ± 47 | 1432 ± 160 | ↓ 1210 ± 87 | 36.2 ± 3.8 | 35.4 ± 8.6** | ↓ 24.4 ± 1.4 | 37.8 ± 4.9 | ↑ 44.1 ± 2.7 | |
 | Hand distance travelled (mm) | Hand trajectory variability (mm) | |||||||||
ND | SP | P1 | P2 | P3 | ND | SP | P1 | P2 | P3 | ||
M 1 | RG | 492 ± 26 | ↑ 747 ± 58** | ↑ 745 ± 51 | ↑ 957 ± 31 | ↑ 595 ± 30 | 19 ± 5 | ↑ 49 ± 18** | ↑ 32 | ↑ 46 | ↑ 44 |
TRL | 935 ± 27 | ↑ 1003 ± 42** | ↑ 1043 ± 10 | ↑ 1097 ± 28 | 912 ± 24 | 22 ± 4 | ↑ 72 ± 40** | ↑ 54 | ↑ 44 | ↑ 52 | |
M 2 | RG | 505 ± 23 | ↑ 545 ± 31** | ↑ 627 ± 138 | ↑ 615 ± 21 | ↓ 428 ± 12 | 15 ± 5 | ↑ 38 ± 19** | ↑ 48 | 18 | 16 |
TRL | 802 ± 61 | ↑ 957 ± 70** | ↑ 969 ± 150 | ↑ 977 ± 61 | 832 ± 30 | 20 ± 4 | ↑ 58 ± 48** | ↑ 83 | ↑ 121 | 15 | |
M 3 | RG | 746 ± 24 | ↑ 953 ± 77** | ↑ 1075 ± 12 | ↑ 1110 ± 252 | 748 ± 25 | 19 ± 4 | ↑ 68 ± 29** | ↑ 40 | ↑ 153 | 23 |
TRL | 1186 ± 31 | ↑ 1407 ± 63** | ↑ 1723 ± 105 | ↑ 1462 ± 22 | ↑ 1324 ± 23 | 35 ± 8 | ↑ 106 ± 55** | ↑ 79 | ↑ 101 | ↑ 52 | |
 | Number of movement units |  | |||||||||
ND | SP | P1 | P2 | P3 | |||||||
M 1 | RG | 1.3 ± 0.3 | ↑ 9.8 ± 3.4** | ↑ 8.8 ± 2.4 | ↑ 10.3 ± 3.9 | ↑ 4.7 ± 1.6 | |||||
TRL | 1.2 ± 0.2 | ↑ 8.4 ± 3.1** | ↑ 6.0 ± 1.4 | ↑ 5.3 ± 1.0 | ↑ 3.8 ± 1.3 | ||||||
M 2 | RG | 1.0 ± 0.1 | ↑ 11.0 ± 3.7** | ↑ 9.0 ± 1.8 | ↑ 6.8 ± 1.9 | ↑ 3.3 ± 1.0 | |||||
TRL | 2.3 ± 0.4 | ↑ 11.1 ± 3.6** | ↑ 11.3 ± 6.1 | ↑ 7.5 ± 3.1 | ↑ 4.3 ± 1.2 | ||||||
M 3 | RG | 1.1 ± 0.1 | ↑ 15.7 ± 4.9** | ↑ 9.3 ± 1.5 | ↑ 15.5 ± 12.2 | ↑ 3.4 ± 1.2 | |||||
TRL | 1.7 ± 0.4 | ↑ 8.2 ± 3.6** | ↑ 13.0 ± 2.4 | ↑ 5.8 ± 1.3 | ↑ 4.1 ± 0.7 |