Fig. 2

Study procedure. The study followed a within-subject design. The study consisted of three treadmill conditions which differed in the type of VR-presentation (no VR, semi-immersive VR and immersive VR). Between the conditions, participants answered questionnaires about their experience. Healthy participants completed the treadmill conditions on a single day (in pseudo-randomized order) and patients on two different days to avoid fatigue effects. VR Virtual Reality, HMD Head-Mounted-Display, ITQ Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire, BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II, PAREMO Patient Questionnaire for assessing Rehabilitation Motivation, RTLX Raw NASA-Task Load Index, Raw National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index, IPQ Igroup Presence Questionnaire, IMI Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, SSQ Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, EDQ Equipment and Display Questionnaire, SUS System Usability Scale