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Table 1 Overview of activities and measures regarding maintaining and changing a body position as well as the corresponding study populations and study designs

From: Systematic review on the application of wearable inertial sensors to quantify everyday life motor activity in people with mobility impairments

Activity

Measure

Diagnosis/impairment group

Study design

Maintaining a body position

 Lying

Duration

Amputees [37, 38], arthritis [48, 60], cerebral palsy [33, 61], Duchenne muscular atrophy [26], frail people [35], multiple sclerosis [39], Parkinson's disease [40,41,42, 49], spinal cord injury [43, 50, 62], stroke [44,45,46,47]

Between-day reliability [33], case/control [35, 49], classification accuracy [26, 37,38,39,40,41, 43,44,45,46,47,48, 50, 60,61,62], interventional [26]

Knee angle

Multiple sclerosis [39]

Technical validity [39]

 Sitting

Duration

Amputees [37, 38, 51], arthritis [31, 48, 60], cerebral palsy [33, 61], Duchenne muscular atrophy [26], frail people [35], multiple sclerosis [39], Parkinson's disease [40,41,42, 49, 52, 53], post-surgery [55], rotator cuff syndrome [30, 56], spinal cord injury [43, 50, 62], stroke [44,45,46,47, 57,58,59], miscellaneous [54]

Between-day reliability [33], case/control [30, 31, 35, 49, 56], classification accuracy [26, 37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48, 50,51,52,53,54,55, 57,58,59,60,61,62], interventional [26], observational [58]

Knee angle

Multiple sclerosis [39]

Technical validity [39]

 Standing

Duration

Amputees [37, 38], arthritis [31, 48, 60], cerebral palsy [33, 61], Duchenne muscular atrophy [26], frail people [35], multiple sclerosis [39], Parkinson's disease [40,41,42, 49, 52, 53], post-surgery [55], rotator cuff syndrome [30, 56], spinal cord injury [43, 50], stroke [44,45,46,47, 58, 59], miscellaneous [54]

Between-day reliability [33], case/control [30, 31, 35, 49, 56], classification accuracy [26, 37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48, 50, 52,53,54,55, 58,59,60,61], interventional [26], observational [58]

Knee angle

Multiple sclerosis [39]

Technical validity [39]

Changing a body position

Lying sitting

# of transitions

Arthritis [48], chronic pain [70], stroke [57]

Classification accuracy [48, 57, 70]

Lying standing

# of transitions

Arthritis [48]

Classification accuracy [48]

Sitting standing/walking

# of transitions

Arthritis [48], chronic pain [70], fallers [71], frail people [64], Parkinson’s disease [40, 41, 53, 65, 67, 68, 72, 73], post-surgery [66], risk of falling [63], stroke [57, 59, 69]

Case/control [64, 71, 73], classification accuracy [40, 41, 48, 53, 57, 59, 63, 65,66,67,68,69,70, 72, 73], clinical validity [40, 63]

Duration

Fallers [71, 74], frail people [64], Parkinson’s disease [40, 68, 73, 75], risk of falling [63]

Case/control [64, 71, 73,74,75], clinical validity [40, 63, 75], technical validity [63, 68]

Trunk tilt angle

Fallers [71], frail people [64]

Case/control [64, 71]

Smoothness

Fallers [74], Parkinson’s disease [75]

Case/control [74, 75], clinical validity [75]

Others1

Fallers [74], frail people [64], Parkinson’s disease [40, 75]

Case/control [64, 74, 75], clinical validity [40, 75]

Transferring oneself

 Transferring oneself while sitting

Duration

Spinal cord injury [62]

Classification accuracy [62]

  1. 1Range and maxima of acceleration and gyroscope signals of the trunk and the pelvis