Table 2 Patients’ scores in all the clinical and robotic outcome measures
Assessment (Max/Healthy Value) | Group | Baseline (T0) value, Mean (SD) | Change from baseline, Mean (SD) | Repeated Measures ANOVA on change from baseline | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | Group | Time | |||||
F (1,25) | P | F (2,52) | P | ||||||
FMA-UE (66) | RG | 50.14 (12.50) | + 7.14 (5.72) | + 7.79 (7.65) | + 8.64 (7.42) | 0.035 | 0.8537 | 1.206 | 0.3076 |
CG | 50.85 (15.00) | + 6.85 (5.34) | + 7.31 (5.68) | + 8.08 (8.32) | |||||
FMA-WH (24) | RG | 17.86 (5.61) | + 2.93 (2.62) | + 3.64 (3.25) | + 3.64 (3.23) | 0.371 | 0.5480 | 3.701 | 0.0314 |
CG | 19.39 (6.20) | + 2.39 (1.81) | + 2.54 (2.22) | + 3.39 (3.62) | |||||
FMA-SE (42) | RG | 32.29 (8.08) | + 4.21 (4.14) | + 4.14 (5.92) | + 5.00 (5.68) | 0.012 | 0.9152 | 0.303 | 0.7403 |
CG | 31.46 (8.95) | + 4.46 (3.91) | + 4.77 (4.46) | + 4.69 (5.62) | |||||
BBT (−) | RG | 17.79 (9.67) | + 11.43 (6.60) | + 13.50 (7.33) | + 17.57 (10.91) | 0.504 | 0.4842 | 11.330 | 8.241e-05* |
CG | 15.15 (8.44) | + 12.85 (8.22) | + 17.54 (13.39) | + 19.92 (13.96) | |||||
EmNSA-T(24) | RG | 20.93 (5.44) | + 1.07 (2.20) | + 1.43 (2.59) | + 1.86 (3.33) | 2.986 | 0.0964 | 2651 | 0.0801 |
CG | 15.15 (9.44) | + 2.85 (4.45) | + 5.54 (7.33) | + 4.92 (7.53) | |||||
EmNSA-P(8) | RG | 7.79 (0.58) | + 0.14 (0.36) | −0.21 (0.43) | 0.00 (0.56) | 5.258 | 0.0305 | 0.520 | 0.5976 |
CG | 6.77 (1.92) | + 0.54 (0.97) | + 0.69 (1.18) | + 0.46 (0.78) | |||||
MAS(0) | RG | 1.29 (1.77) | + 0.07 (2.37) | −0.21 (2.36) | − 0.29 (2.56) | 1.012 | 0.3241 | 0.558 | 0.5756 |
CG | 2.15 (2.94) | −1.54 (2.91) | −1.31 (3.12) | −0.85 (3.69) | |||||
MMSE(30) | RG | 25.89 (3.60) | + 0.57 (1.91) | + 0.93 (1.64) | + 1.71 (3.07) | 0.072 | 0.7906 | 1.088 | 0.3446 |
CG | 23.62 (5.47) | + 1.05 (1.87) | + 0.59 (2.41) | + 0.93 (3.33) | |||||
FAB(18) | RG | 14.60 (2.38) | + 0.43 (1.74) | + 1.14 (1.70) | + 1.61 (1.67) | 0.144 | 0.7079 | 1.625 | 0.2067 |
CG | 11.98 (5.29) | + 1.26 (1.71) | + 1.49 (1.76) | + 1.05 (1.60) | |||||
Albert Test (32) | RG | 31.86 (0.36) | + 0.07 (0.27) | + 0.07 (0.48) | + 0.14 (0.36) | 0.034 | 0.8544 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
CG | 31.77 (0.83) | + 0.15 (0.90) | + 0.15 (0.56) | + 0.08 (0.28) | |||||