Fig. 9

Testing the potentiostat and running cyclic voltammetry. aThe potentiostat-generated voltage sweep starting from 1.65 V down to -1.65 V, the voltage is measured on the working electrode (WE) with respect to the reference electrode (RE). b Cyclic voltammery output curve for a 30 μM ferro-ferricyanide solution. The potentiostat is periodically swept between 0.6 V and -0.2 V with a scan rate of 80 mV/s