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Table 1 Comparison of vertical ground reaction force variables (GRF; mean ± SD) during the stance phase of unassisted walking (UAW) and robot-assisted walking (RAW), SD = standard deviation

From: Increased gait variability during robot-assisted walking is accompanied by increased sensorimotor brain activity in healthy people

Kinetic Gait Variable

UAW

RAW

t

df

p

r

First Peak (weight acceptance) [N/kg]

8.2 ± 0.5

6.2 ± 1.0

6.807

11

0.000

0.899

First Peak (weight acceptance) [% Stance Phase]

31.4 ± 2.6

24.8 ± 3.2

7.366

11

0.000

0.912

Valley (mid-stance) [N/kg]

7.2 ± 0.4

4.2 ± 0.6

23.963

11

0.000

0.991

Valley (mid-stance) [% Stance Phase]

48.9 ± 2.9

49.6 ± 6.3

−0.277

11

0.787

0.083

Second Peak (weight acceptance) [N/kg]

8.6 ± 0.4

6.3 ± 0.7

12.898

11

0.000

0.968

Second Peak (weight acceptance) [% Stance Phase]

75.8 ± 3.0

82.4 ± 2.3

− 7.789

11

0.000

0.920

Intraindividual Variability [%]

5.8 ± 1.4

7.9 ± 1.3

− 4.427

11

0.001

0.800

Interindividual Variability [%]

7.0

15.7

–

–

–

–

Symmetry Index [%]

4.3 ± 2.0

7.7 ± 2.7

− 2.871

11

0.015

0.654