Table 3 Outcome measures pre- and post-intervention in groups A and B

36.89 ± 14.74 40.00 (27.00–49.00)

43.11 ± 13.62 48.00 (35.00–53.00)

33.00 ± 11.99 34.00 (21.00–42.75)

41.88 ± 9.99 44.50 (31.50–50.75)

0.444

0.002

0.515

0.423

FSEO

COP Vel_ML (mm/s)

11.78 ± 7.78 10.47 (8.04–21.62)

14.07 ± 8.67 12.60 (7.10–27.70)

14.69 ± 5.38 14.11 (10.27–18.50)

9.96 ± 2.56 9.59 (7.74–11.83)

0.389

0.545

0.210

0.210

COP Vel_AP (mm/s)

18.17 ± 11.90 16.27 (12.75–32.74)

21.17 ± 16.66 20.08 (11.17–53.22)

25.56 ± 13.29 20.31 (17.38–37.37)

19.35 ± 10.34 17.78 (10.60–24.02)

0.931

0.793

0.175

0.175

COP Area (mm²)

99.13 ± 26.56102.95 (71.36–125.88)

105.65 ± 38.55103.11 (66.90–138.71)

146.28 ± 111.49108.45 (95.65–133.17)

89.05 ± 19.37 90.18 (69.79–107.19)

2.074

0.104

0.442

0.442

FSEC

COP Vel_ML

12.64 ± 7.21 9.90 (7.00–19.66)

21.62 ± 30.27 8.28 (7.54–42.37)

15.09 ± 6.00 14.18 (9.43–21.23)

11.33 ± 3.37 10.64 (8.56–13.45)

2.537

0.527

0.657

0.657

COP Vel_AP

17.88 ± 5.20 18.30 (13.35–22.19)

31.29 ± 35.33 14.02 (12.65–58.57)

30.28 ± 15.61 27.93 (17.86–42.74)

26.12 ± 10.70 23.31 (16.84–34.60)

1.798

0.494

0.600

0.600

COP Area

124.05 ± 49.10117.75 (92.09–155.72)

118.82 ± 59.80102.60 (82.21–150.58)

142.84 ± 78.93134.40 (71.68–218.84)

112.48 ± 55.39105.98 (81.52–115.11)

1.337

0.262

0.574

0.574

FTEO

COP Vel_ML

39.85 ± 22.22 37.68 (17.42–60.22)

28.34 ± 13.00 24.82 (17.63–43.52)

46.24 ± 18.72 43.59 (29.42–64.39)

37.03 ± 18.07 41.21 (18.18–53.80)

0.020

0.239

0.573

0.573

COP Vel_AP

45.59 ± 27.43 46.26 (19.65–71.78)

37.46 ± 26.76 28.86 (16.61–63.59)

44.05 ± 21.02 41.73 (28.07–61.19)

40.22 ± 23.16 47.37 (16.40–60.47)

0.028

0.650

0.755

0.755

COP Area

173.17 ± 71.37150.60 (114.56–246.49)

168.70 ± 73.69177.01 (89.24–234.05)

168.13 ± 77.28132.55 (104.89–249.15)

131.89 ± 39.47154.40 (89.65–162.88)

0.926

0.446

0.876

0.876

FTEC

COP Vel_ML

46.05 ± 21.08 50.45 (23.12–56.45)

30.17 ± 22.01 19.84 (15.23–43.75)

69.20 ± 28.14 78.56 (39.36–89.67)

62.06 ± 22.64 62.54 (40.13–83.52)

0.176

0.320

0.286

0.286

COP Vel_AP

47.33 ± 29.39 41.97 (20.99–62.94)

23.18 ± 8.09 19.71 (17.40–19.71)

62.88 ± 25.69 68.35 (37.23–83.05)

50.27 ± 13.92 47.81 (38.45–64.55)

0.265

0.162

0.413

0.413

COP Area

284.09 ± 217.10228.70 (112.50–363.87)

117.79 ± 19.68127.52 (103.87–121.03)

193.41 ± 67.05224.23 (116.49–246.71)

134.36 ± 15.12151.82 (125.63–164.56)

0.648

0.175

0.786

0.786

13.89 ± 4.37 14.00 (11.00–17.50)

15.44 ± 3.28 16.00 (13.00–18.00)

13.00 ± 3.16 13.50 (9.50–16.25)

17.62 ± 1.85 17.50 (16.25–18.75)

3.935

0.001

0.066

0.606

25.56 ± 5.32 27.00 (21.50–29.50)

27.11 ± 3.92 28.00 (23.00–30.50)

26.50 ± 3.70 28.50 (22.00–29.00)

29.00 ± 3.07 29.00 (26.00–31.25)

0.422

0.014

0.526

0.673

3.00 ± 1.32 4.00 (1.50–4.00)

3.56 ± 1.33 4.00 (2.50–4.50)

2.50 ± 1.20 2.50 (1.25–3.75)

3.25 ± 0.71 3.00 (3.00–4.00)

0.205

0.008

0.657

0.423

10MWT (m/s)

Self-selected walking speed

0.49 ± 0.41 0.66 (0.07–0.88)

0.64 ± 0.42 0.76 (0.23–0.99)

0.25 ± 0.28 0.19 (0.02–0.49)

0.37 ± 0.32 0.26 (0.11–0.72)

0.033

0.067

0.858

0.333

Fast walking speed

0.68 ± 0.59 0.87 (0.07–1.26)

0.97 ± 0.67 1.09 (0.26–1.48)

0.40 ± 0.40 0.22 (0.05–0.78)

0.51 ± 0.49 0.32 (0.11–1.09)

0.731

0.083

0.406

0.333

59.44 ± 19.66 63.00 (46.50–75.00)

72.67 ± 25.52 79.00 (55.00–93.00)

45.88 ± 18.08 44.50 (32.50–59.00)

58.37 ± 13.36 57.50 (49.00–68.75)

0.006

0.012

0.937

0.139

SARA

Gait

3.78 ± 1.92 4.00 (2.00–5.50)

3.00 ± 1.58 2.00 (2.00–4.00)

4.13 ± 1.80 5.00 (2.00–5.75)

3.50 ± 1.78 3.00 (2.00–5.50)

0.050

0.057

0.825

0.650

Stance

2.56 ± 1.24 2.00 (2.00–3.50)

1.89 ± 1.17 2.00 (1.00–3.00)

2.38 ± 1.30 2.50 (1.00–3.75)

2.00 ± 0.93 2.00 (1.00–3.00)

0.226

0.110

0.641

0.765

Sitting

0.11 ± 0.33 0.00 (0.00–0.00)

0.00 ± 0.00 0.00 (0.00–0.00)

0.00 ± 0.00 0.00 (0.00–0.00)

0.00 ± 0.00 0.00 (0.00–0.00)

0.882

0.362

0.362

0.346