Table 4 Examples of stimulation parameters in literature
From: Safety of long-term electrical peripheral nerve stimulation: review of the state of the art
Publication | Subjects | Electrode type | Stimulation/ Recording | Electrode Placement | Treatment Duration (Y) | Purpose of Stimulation | Stimulation Parameters | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Charge of Stimulating Phase (Q) | Current of Stimulating Phase (I) | Duration of Stimulating Phase (D) | Stimulation Frequency (F) | Train Duration (T) | Effective Stimulation Time per Day (S) | Potential Stimulation Time per Day (P) | Percentage of Effective Stimulation (O) | Waveform | ||||||||||
Shape | Polarity | Symmetry | Inter-Phase Delay (w) | |||||||||||||||
Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback | ||||||||||||||||||
Clippinger et al. [57] | A | Cuff | S | M | < 2 y | S | – | c | – | 0–100 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Anani et al. [97] | AB | Needle | S | M, R | < 1 d | S | < 200 | 250–2600 | 30–250 | 2.5–160 | 1 | – | – | 20 | Rect. | M | – | – |
Walker et al. [115] | A | Cuff | S | M | 3 y | S | – | c | 20–640 | 0–90 | – | 2 | 24 | 8.3 | – | – | – | – |
Anani and Körner [116] | AB | Needle | S | forearm | < 1 d | S | – | b | 200 | 10–80 | 120 | – | – | – | Rect. | a | – | – |
Anani and Körner [116] | A | Needle | S | M, R, U | < 1 d | S | 40–300 | 400–3000 | 100 | 10–80 | – | – | 3–4 | – | Rect. | a | – | – |
Ochoa and Torebjörk [95] | AB | Needle | S, R | M, U | < 1 d | S | – | c | 250 | 1–300 | 2 | – | – | 3–6 | Rect. | M | – | – |
Dhillon et al. [8] | A | LIFE | S, R | M, U, P | < 1 m | S | < 50 | < 200 | 250 | 10–800 | 0.5 | – | – | – | Rect. | M, B | A, S | – |
Dhillon and Horch [7] | A | LIFE | S, R | M | < 1 m | S | – | b | 300 | 10–500 | 0.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Dhillon et al. [9] | A | LIFE | S, R | M | < 1 m | S | < 60 | 1–200 | 300 | 10–510 | 0.5 | – | – | – | – | B | – | – |
Rossini et al. [10] | A | Tf-LIFE4 | S, R | M, U | < 1 m | S | < 3 | 10–100 | 10–300 | 10–500 | 0.3–0.5 | – | – | – | Rect. | – | – | – |
Horch et al. [11] | A | LIFE | S | M, U | < 2 w | S | – | b | 290 | 20–200 | – | – | – | – | – | B | – | 75 |
Clark et al. [12] | A | USEA | S, R | M, U | < 1 m | S | 2–2.4 | 10–12 | 200 | 200 | 0.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Ortiz-Catalan et al. [18] | A | Cuff | S | U | 20 m | S | – | 100–180 | – | 8–30 | – | – | – | – | – | B | – | – |
Raspopovic et al. [13] | A | TIME | S | M, U | < 1 m | S | < 24 | 240 | 100 | 50 | 0.5 | – | – | – | Rect. | B | – | – |
Tan et al. [17] | A | FINE | S | M, R, U | 16 m & 24 m | S | – | < 2000 | 20–167 | 1–1000 | < 60 | – | 4–6 | – | Rect | B | A | – |
Davis et al. [14] | A | USEA | S, R | M, U | < 1 m | S | 0.2–20 | 1–100 | 200 | 1–320 | 0.2–60 | – | 2 | – | – | B | – | 100 |
Graczyk et al. [19] | A | FINE | S | M, R, U | 3 y & 4 y | S | – | b | < 255 | 12.5–166 | 1–5 | – | – | – | Rect. | B | – | – |
Oddo et al. [15] | A | TIME | S | M | < 1 m | S | 16 | 160 | 100 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Schiefer et al. [21] | A | FINE | S | M, R, U | 2 y & 3 y | S | – | – | 255 | 10–125 | – | – | 5–6 | – | – | B | – | – |
Mastinu et al. [20] | A | Cuff | S | U | 4 y | S | – | – | – | < 30 | – | – | – | – | Rect. | B | A | 50 |
Ortiz-Catalan et al. [22] | A | Cuff | S | U | 4 y | S | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Wendelken et al. [16] | A | Cuff | S, R | M, U | 4–5 w | S | < 24 | < 120 | 200 | < 200 | – | – | 1–6 | – | – | B | – | 100 |
Graczyk et al. [114] | A | FINE | S | M, R, U | 5 y | S | – | 300 | < 255 | 25–299 | < 3 min | – | < 6 | – | Rect. | B | – | – |
Electrical Stimulation for Motor Function, Pain Relief, or other purposes | ||||||||||||||||||
Nashold et al. [39] | CP | Cuff, Button | S | M, R, S, U | < 11 y | O | – | c | 300 | 25–100 | – | – | – | – | – | B | – | – |
Waters et al. [6] | P | Cuff | S | P | < 12 y | M | – | c | 200 | 33 | – | – | – | – | Rect. | – | – | – |
Ben-Menachem et al. [83] | E | Cuff | S | V | 14 w | O | – | 250–3000 | 130–500 | 1–50 | 30–90 | – | – | 5–23 | – | – | – | – |
Elefteriades et al. [5] | Q | Ribbon | S | Ph | < 18 y | M | 15–690 | 100–4600 | 150 | 7.2–8.3 | 0.9–1.3 | 0.016–0.48 | 8–12 | 0.2–0.4 | – | – | – | – |
Vandoninck et al. [117] | UI | Needle | S | T | < 1 d | O | 4000 | 0–20,000 | 200 | 20 | – | 0.5 | 0.5 | 100? | – | – | – | – |
Fisher et al. [93] | SCI | Cuff | S | F | 3 y | M | 160–420 | 800–2100 | 200 | 20 | 760 | – | – | – | – | B | – | – |
Abdellaoui et al. [118] | COPD | T | S | – | – | – | 6000-18,800 | 15,000-47,000 | 400 | 35 | 3600 | 1 | 1 | 100 | Rect. | B | S | – |
Christie et al. [26] | A, SCI | Cuff | S | A, F, Fi, LT, Mu, R, Su, Th, T | < 11 y | M, S | – | 100–20,000 | 1–255 | 12.5–100 | – | – | – | – | – | B | – | – |