Study | Gender | Age range | Mean age | Mean speed | Setting | Number of subjects |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Murray [182] | M | 20 - 25 | 21.5 | 1.50 | 10m walkway | 8 |
 | M | 30 - 35 | 32.4 | 1.43 |  | 8 |
 | M | 40 - 45 | 42.9 | 1.59 |  | 8 |
 | M | 50 - 55 | 53.0 | 1.57 |  | 8 |
 | M | 60 - 65 | 62.8 | 1.45 |  | 8 |
 | M | 67 - 73 | 71.1 | 1.18 |  | 8 |
 | M | 74 - 80 | 76.0 | 1.23 |  | 8 |
 | M | 81 - 87 | 85.0 | 1.18 |  | 8 |
Hageman [183] | F | 20 - 33 | 23.9 | 1.60 | 10m walkway | 13 |
 | F | 60 - 84 | 66.6 | 1.32 |  | 13 |
Waters [149] | F | 20 - 59 | 40.1 | 1.29 | 60.5m walkway | 34 |
 | F | 60 - 80 | 68.9 | 1.20 |  | 47 |
 | M | 20 - 59 | 38.5 | 1.36 |  | 39 |
 | M | 60 - 80 | 67.1 | 1.28 |  | 26 |
 | M & F | 20 - 59 | 39.2 | 1.33 |  | 73 |
 | M & F | 60 - 80 | 68.2 | 1.23 |  | 73 |
Blanke [184] | M | 20 - 33 | 24.5 | 1.31 | 14m walkway | 12 |
 | M | 60 - 74 | 63.6 | 1.39 |  | 12 |
Elble [80] | M & F | 20 - 39 | 30.0 | 1.18 | 10m walkway | 20 |
 | M & F | 65 - 87 | 74.7 | 0.94 |  | 20 |
Öberg [185] | M | 20 - 29 | 24.5* | 1.23 | 10m walkway | 15 |
 | M | 30 - 39 | 34.5* | 1.32 |  | 15 |
 | M | 40 - 49 | 44.5* | 1.33 |  | 15 |
 | M | 50 - 59 | 54.5* | 1.25 |  | 15 |
 | M | 60 - 69 | 64.5* | 1.28 |  | 15 |
 | M | 70 - 79 | 74.5* | 1.18 |  | 14 |
 | F | 20 - 29 | 24.5* | 1.24 |  | 15 |
 | F | 30 - 39 | 34.5* | 1.29 |  | 15 |
 | F | 40 - 49 | 44.5* | 1.25 |  | 15 |
 | F | 50 - 59 | 54.5* | 1.11 |  | 15 |
 | F | 60 - 69 | 64.5* | 1.16 |  | 15 |
 | F | 70 - 79 | 74.5* | 1.11 |  | 15 |
Ostrosky [186] | M & F | 22 - 39 | 28.2 | 1.38 | 6m walkway | 30 |
 | M & F | 60 - 80 | 67.5 | 1.27 |  | 30 |
Bohannon [187] | M | 50 - 79 | 64.4 | 1.41 | 7.6m walkway | 77 |
 | F | 50 - 79 | 64.3 | 1.30 |  | 79 |
Bohannon [63] | M | 20 - 29 | 23.9 | 1.39 | 7.6m walkway | 15 |
 | M | 30 - 39 | 34.2 | 1.46 |  | 13 |
 | M | 40 - 49 | 44.9 | 1.46 |  | 22 |
 | M | 50 - 59 | 54.9 | 1.39 |  | 22 |
 | M | 60 - 69 | 66.2 | 1.36 |  | 18 |
 | M | 70 - 79 | 73.0 | 1.33 |  | 22 |
 | F | 20 - 29 | 22.2 | 1.41 |  | 22 |
 | F | 30 - 39 | 35.1 | 1.42 |  | 23 |
 | F | 40 - 49 | 44.1 | 1.39 |  | 21 |
 | F | 50 - 59 | 53.8 | 1.40 |  | 21 |
 | F | 60 - 69 | 64.8 | 1.30 |  | 18 |
 | F | 70 - 79 | 73.1 | 1.27 |  | 20 |
Auvinet [188] | M | 20 - 29 | 24.5* | 1.59 | 40m walkway | 24 |
 | M | 30 - 39 | 34.5* | 1.54 |  | 26 |
 | M | 40 - 49 | 44.5* | 1.63 |  | 22 |
 | M | 50 - 59 | 54.5* | 1.42 |  | 25 |
 | M | 60 - 69 | 64.5* | 1.47 |  | 28 |
 | M | >70 | 74.5* | 1.32 |  | 13 |
 | F | 20 - 29 | 24.5* | 1.54 |  | 25 |
 | F | 30 - 39 | 34.5* | 1.56 |  | 27 |
 | F | 40 - 49 | 44.5* | 1.50 |  | 29 |
 | F | 50 - 59 | 54.5* | 1.48 |  | 24 |
 | F | 60 - 69 | 64.5* | 1.35 |  | 25 |
 | F | >70 | 74.5* | 1.26 |  | 14 |
Malatesta [189] | M & F | 62 - 70 | 66.9 | 1.38 | treadmill | 10 |
 | M & F | 79 - 87 | 82.8 | 1.16 |  | 10 |
Menz [190] | M & F | 22 - 40 | 28.5 | 1.43 | 8.6m walkway | 30 |
 | M & F | 76 - 87 | 80.8 | 1.16 |  | 31 |
Laufer [191] | M & F | 20 - 31 | 24.0 | 1.46 | 6.6m walkway | 30 |
 | M & F | 65 - 89 | 77.7 | 1.00 |  | 40 |
Kang [192] | M & F | 18 - 28 | 23.3 | 1.30 | treadmill | 18 |
 | M & F | 65 - 85 | 72.1 | 1.29 |  | 18 |
Mazza [193] | M & F | Â | 24.4 | 1.30 | 12m walkway | 16 |
 | M & F |  | 72.0 | 0.97 |  | 20 |
Kavanagh [194] | M & F | Â | 23.0 | 1.32 | 30m walkway | 13 |
Mazza [195] | M | Â | 23.0 | 1.33 | 12m walkway | 20 |
 | F |  | 23.0 | 1.34 |  | 20 |
Chung [196] | M | <30 | 27.4 | 1.08 | 8m walkway | 5 |
 | M | 31 - 45 | 39.8 | 1.12 |  | 5 |
 | M | >45 | 51.0 | 0.99 |  | 5 |
 | F | <30 | 23.6 | 1.20 |  | 5 |
 | F | 31 - 45 | 31.2 | 1.11 |  | 5 |
 | F | <30 | 57.6 | 0.90 |  | 5 |
Iosa [71] | M & F | Â | 31.0 | 1.21 | 10m walkway | 13 |
Goutier [197] | M | Â | 22.0 | 1.30 | 12.5m walkway | 10 |
 | M |  | 71.0 | 1.30 |  | 10 |
 | F |  | 24.0 | 1.30 |  | 10 |
 | F |  | 71.0 | 1.20 |  | 10 |
Peterson [198] | M | 20 - 30 | 24.7 | 1.28 | 12.5m walkway | 6 |
 | M | 65 - 80 | 72.7 | 1.31 |  | 8 |
 | F | 20 - 30 | 26.4 | 1.38 |  | 6 |
 | F | 65 - 80 | 69.9 | 1.32 |  | 8 |
Lamoth [199] | M & F | >70 | 79.4 | 0.95 | 40m walkway | 13 |
Ijmker [200] | M & F | 55 - 70 | 64.3 | 1.19 | 10m walkway | 12 |
 | M & F | 75 - 85 | 76.9 | 1.14 |  | 14 |
Iosa [167] | M & F | Â | 62.8 | 1.15 | 20m walkway | 10 |
Senden [201] | M & F | Â | 74.2 | 1.23 | 40m walkway | 50 |
Arnold [202] | M & F | Â | 23.2 | 1.34 | 10m walkway | 20 |
 | M & F |  | 73.2 | 1.14 |  | 20 |
Terrier [203] | M & F | 20 - 29 | 24.7 | 1.10 | treadmill | 20 |
 | M & F | 30 - 39 | 34.6 | 1.13 |  | 20 |
 | M & F | 40 - 49 | 43.9 | 1.11 |  | 20 |
 | M & F | 50 - 59 | 54.8 | 1.04 |  | 20 |
 | M & F | 60 - 69 | 63.3 | 1.06 |  | 20 |