Fig. 9

USEA microstimulation provided a rich selection of percepts of various qualities and locations spanning the phantom hand (S4 shown here). a Stimulation of individual electrodes via two USEAs restored 131 percepts across the phantom hand, including both proprioceptive and cutaneous percepts (collected over a 2-day period). Numerous cutaneous percepts were evoked on each digit and the palm, and proprioceptive percepts were restored for 17 different movements, including flexion and extension of each finger and flexion of the thumb. For proprioceptive percepts, upward arrows indicate extension, whereas downward arrows indicate flexion. b 131 electrodes across the 10 × 10 USEAs evoked the percepts shown in part A, with no apparent somatotopic arrangement across the nerve cross-section. c Evoked percepts were of various qualities, with 26% of evoked percepts described as proprioceptive, and 74% of evoked percepts being cutaneous (including ‘tingle’, ‘vibration’, and ‘pressure’). To see this figure in color, go online