Skip to main content

Table 3 Clinical scores before and after the NMES-robot arm assisted training

From: A Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) and robot hybrid system for multi-joint coordinated upper limb rehabilitation after stroke

Score (Max value)

Pre-training

Post-training

Wilcoxon test

MAS_elbow (4)

1.51 ± 0.62

0.82 ± 0.67

P = 0.0045*

MAS_wrist (4)

1.65 ± 0.61

0.98 ± 0.58

P = 0.0012*

MAS_finger (4)

1.51 ± 0.84

0.94 ± 0.77

P > 0.05

FMA (66)

30.10 ± 10.19

41.0 ± 8.35

P = 0.0025*

ARAT (57)

19.27 ± 8.55

28.36 ± 6.46

P < 0.001*

WMFT (75)

36.45 ± 9.94

45.91 ± 12.42

P < 0.001*

WMFT_time

45.47 ± 20.44 (s)

36.19 ± 16.86 (s)

P = 0.037*

  1. Significant differences (P < 0.05) found between the pre- and post-training assessments are indicated by ‘*’. The MAS score ‘1 + ’ was assigned a values of 1.5 as practiced in the literature [35]
Back to article page