Table 3 Consensus statements

1

Q1.

Recommendations on an assessment framework and outcome measures for use in technology based neuro-rehabilitation are useful.

79 (27)

100 (3)

77 (24)

2

Q3.

The purpose of measurement is to design therapy (initial decisions and changes in therapy programme) and to measure progress.

86 (30)

81 (21)

100 (9)

2

Q6.

Technology-generated data (from a device, wearable and environmental sensors, wii, social networking, etc.) should be used by both clinicians and researchers.

83 (29)

81 (21)

89 (8)

3

Q2.1.

Q2.2

Recommendations including a minimum defined set of measures should be used by:

Clinicians

83 (59)

100 (12)

80 (47)

Researchers

87 (62)

100 (12)

85 (50)

3

Q28.

Measures that are not currently widely used or practical, but which have the potential to be useful should be included.

92 (65)

92 (11)

92 (54)

3

Q18R.

Performance quality measures (Co-ordination, smoothness of movement, precision/accuracy of movement, number of errors and successes - during the performance of a task), Response to perturbations (disturbances during movement), and Compensatory (abnormal) movements should be used by researchers.

73 (55)

64 (7)^a

75 (48)

3

Q7C.

Q7R.

A range of kinematic measures (active ROM at a single joint, extent of workspace at multiple joints, speed of movement, etc.) should be used by:

Clinicians

76 (54)

75 (9)

76 (45)

Researchers.

83 (59)

75 (9)

85 (50)

3

Q17C.

Q17R.

A range of kinetic measures (e.g., Isometric force in a range of muscles and positions, Isokinetic force in a range of muscles and movements, endurance, Grip strength, Non-neural muscle stiffness (resistance to passive movement), and Spasticity) should be used by:

Clinicians

53 (40)^a

79 (11)

47 (29)^a

Researchers.

55 (56)^a

77 (10)

52 (46)^a

3

Q19R.

A range of EMG measures (e.g., Co-contraction, Synergies, Muscle onset time, and Inappropriate muscle activity, etc.) should be used by researchers.

83 (59)

91 (10)

82 (49)

3

Q20C.

Effort during movement measure (amount of assistance required to complete task) should be used by clinicians.

73 (48)

67 (8) ^a

74 (40)

3

Q21R.

A range of neuropsychological and other non-motor domain measures (e.g., Attention +/− when distracted, Neglect, Engagement, Reaction time, and Pain associated with movement, etc.) should be used by researchers.

100

N/A^b

100 (59)

3

Q23C.

Q23R.

Non-technology based measures of Impairment should be restricted to validated outcome measures (e.g. Fugl Meyer (FM), Grip or muscle strength), except in certain circumstances (e.g., experimental research, development of new technologies or for the purposes of validation) for use of:

Clinicians

76 (54)

75 (9)

76 (45)

Researchers

71 (44)

80 (8)

69 (36)

3

Q14C.

Q14R.

Technology-based measures of Activity (e.g., Measures that can be used at home, Body-worn sensors to monitor activity, and Body-worn sensors as surrogate measures of function (e.g., the WMFT)) should be used by:

Clinicians

53 (31)^a

50 (6)^a

54 (25)^a

Researchers

72 (39)

70 (7)

73 (32)

3

Q13C.

Non-technology based measures of Activity should be restricted to validated outcome measures such as the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) or Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) for use of clinicians.

72 (51)

67 (8) ^a

73 (43)

3

Q15R.

In research, non-technology based Measures of Participation measures should be restricted to validated outcome measures such as the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS), Short Form-36 (SF36), except in certain circumstances (e.g., experimental research, development of new technologies or for the purposes of validation).

85 (45)

71 (5)

87 (40)

3

Q15C.

In clinic, non-technology based Measures of Participation measures should be restricted to validated outcome measures such as the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS), Short Form-36 (SF36).

70 (50)

75 (7)

70 (41)

3

Q24R.

A range of Neurophysiology Measures (e.g., EEG, TMS/MEP, and functional neuro-imaging) should be used by researchers.

76 (47)

100 (9)

72 (38)

4

Q32.

Self-reported measures (e.g. Motor Activity Log) should be used.

91 (39)

93 (14)

89 (25)

4

Q34.

Personalized, goal orientated measures (e.g. COPM) should be used.

84 (37)

81 (13)

86 (24)

5

Q37R.

Q37C.

Four face-to-face patient assessments should be collected for a treatment programme: Baseline (beginning of the programme), interim (during the programme), final (end of the programme), and follow-up (a set period of time after the end of the programme), other than data collected automatically by technology for:

Clinicians

100 (24)

75 (3)

100 (21)

Researchers

83 (20)

75 (3)

81 (17)

5

Q39R.

Q39C.

Assessment should take place separately from treatment by:

Clinicians

96 (23)

100 (4)

90 (19)

Researchers.

83 (20)

75 (3)

81 (17)

5

Q40R.

Q40C.

Maximum time for assessment is 3 h for:

Clinic

92 (22)

75 (3)

90 (19)

Research

83 (20)

75 (3)

81 (17)