Domain/gait characteristic | ABs ≤ 10s | 10s < ABs ≤ 20s | 20s < ABs ≤ 30s | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CL (n = 50) | PD (n = 47) | p | CL (n = 50) | PD (n = 47) | p | CL (n = 50) | PD (n = 47) | p | |
Pace | 1663 steps | 1603 steps | 2196 steps | 1926 steps | 1517 steps | 1181 steps | |||
Step Velocity (m/s) | 0.934 (0.374) | 0.910 (0.640) | 0.145 | 1.046 ± 0.067 | 1.010 ± 0.111 | 0.059 | 1.082 (0.385) | 1.009 (0.569) | 0.003 |
Step Length (m) | 0.537 (0.143) | 0.528 (0.208) | 0.066 | 0.588 (0.149) | 0.570 (0.198) | 0.002 | 0.600 (0.160) | 0.587 (0.164) | 0.001 |
Swing Time Var (s) | 0.166 ± 0.013 | 0.172 ± 0.021 | 0.097 | 0.156 (0.093) | 0.162 (0.097) | 0.056 | 0.152 (0.133) | 0.158 (0.097) | 0.056 |
Variability (SD) | |||||||||
Step Velocity Var (m/s) | 0.390 (0.172) | 0.374 (0.232) | 0.196 | 0.383 (0.212) | 0.376 (0.221) | 0.479 | 0.388 (0.347) | 0.375 (0.199) | 0.511 |
Step Length Var (m) | 0.163 (0.048) | 0.160 (0.072) | 0.231 | 0.153 (0.057) | 0.154 (0.065) | 0.431 | 0.150 (0.086) | 0.154 (0.052) | 0.048 |
Step Time Var (s) | 0.204 (0.095) | 0.205 (0.138) | 0.457 | 0.186 (0.116) | 0.187 (0.155) | 0.289 | 0.181 (0.172) | 0.183 (0.155) | 0.201 |
Stance Time Var (s) | 0.217 (0.114) | 0.219 (0.193) | 0.431 | 0.198 (0.144) | 0.201 (0.191) | 0.191 | 0.192 (0.194) | 0.195 (0.194) | 0.164 |
Rhythm | |||||||||
Step Time (s) | 0.611 (0.106) | 0.61 (0.306) | 0.639 | 0.609 (0.121) | 0.618 (0.384) | 0.220 | 0.607 (0.140) | 0.619 (0.407) | 0.054 |
Swing Time (s) | 0.468 (0.090) | 0.471 (0.230) | 0.436 | 0.467 (0.103) | 0.474 (0.298) | 0.201 | 0.463 (0.105) | 0.477 (0.305) | 0.033 |
Stance Time (s) | 0.760 (0.159) | 0.755 (0.403) | 0.891 | 0.761 (0.186) | 0.760 (0.512) | 0.488 | 0.753 (0.193) | 0.758 (0.553) | 0.130 |
Asymmetry | |||||||||
Step Time Asy (s) | 0.164 (0.123) | 0.164 (0.171) | 0.639 | 0.083 (0.135) | 0.084 (0.156) | 0.751 | 0.056 (0.103) | 0.058 (0.112) | 0.402 |
Swing Time Asy (s) | 0.123 (0.080) | 0.125 (0.133) | 0.316 | 0.075 (0.116) | 0.077 (0.144) | 0.164 | 0.049 (0.082) | 0.053 (0.147) | 0.151 |
Stance Time Asy (s) | 0.165 (0.116) | 0.164 (0.149) | 0.702 | 0.084 (0.131) | 0.084 (0.149) | 0.398 | 0.055 (0.108) | 0.059 (0.132) | 0.217 |
Postural Control | |||||||||
Step Length Asy (m) | 0.125 ± 0.012 | 0.121 ± 0.018 | 0.173 | 0.090 (0.117) | 0.088 (0.102) | 0.359 | 0.073 (0.068) | 0.069 (0.074) | 0.071 |
30s < ABs ≤ 60s | 60s < ABs ≤ 120 s | ABs > 120 s | |||||||
CL (n = 50) | PD (n = 47) | p | CL (n = 50) | PD (n = 47) | p | CL (n = 50) | PD (n = 47) | p | |
Pace | 2226 steps | 1632 steps | 1596 steps | 1205 steps | 3797 steps | 2975 steps | |||
Step Velocity (m/s) | 1.103 (0.411) | 1.038 (0.422) | <0.001 | 1.110 (0.419) | 1.032 (0.472) | 0.003 | 1.137 (1.035) | 1.029 (0.686) | <0.001 |
Step Length (m) | 0.609 (0.173) | 0.593 (0.185) | 0.003 | 0.608 (0.194) | 0.590 (0.236) | 0.034 | 0.632 (0.269) | 0.581 (0.206) | 0.005 |
Swing Time Var (s) | 0.147 (0.138) | 0.153 (0.134) | 0.029 | 0.142 (0.127) | 0.144 (0.156) | 0.279 | 0.125 (0.174) | 0.146 (0.181) | 0.014 |
Variability (SD) | |||||||||
Step Velocity Var (m/s) | 0.376 (0.326) | 0.369 (0.265) | 0.411 | 0.370 ± 0.051 | 0.353 ± 0.062 | 0.153 | 0.354 (0.559) | 0.351 (0.803) | 0.573 |
Step Length Var (m) | 0.148 (0.106) | 0.150 (0.093) | 0.141 | 0.144 (0.073) | 0.146 (0.115) | 0.806 | 0.145 (0.153) | 0.150 (0.126) | 0.511 |
Step Time Var (s) | 0.174 (0.173) | 0.178 (0.178) | 0.033 | 0.170 (0.168) | 0.172 (0.219) | 0.214 | 0.151 (0.224) | 0.180 (0.233) | 0.042 |
Stance Time Var (s) | 0.187 (0.199) | 0.190 (0.249) | 0.054 | 0.182 (0.185) | 0.187 (0.297) | 0.179 | 0.160 ± 0.047 | 0.181 ± 0.051 | 0.042 |
Rhythm | |||||||||
Step Time (s) | 0.600 (0.092) | 0.610 (0.333) | 0.057 | 0.591 (0.118) | 0.604 (0.292) | 0.033 | 0.576 (0.253) | 0.599 (0.570) | 0.001 |
Swing Time (s) | 0.457 (0.100) | 0.469 (0.259) | 0.033 | 0.443 (0.110) | 0.453 (0.191) | 0.069 | 0.425 (0.132) | 0.443 (0.403) | <0.001 |
Stance Time (s) | 0.750 (0.128) | 0.753 (0.448) | 0.145 | 0.742 (0.139) | 0.755 (0.341) | 0.041 | 0.723 (0.310) | 0.754 (0.666) | 0.001 |
Asymmetry | |||||||||
Step Time Asy (s) | 0.041 (0.067) | 0.045 (0.068) | 0.012 | 0.029 (0.034) | 0.031 (0.078) | 0.082 | 0.019 (0.037) | 0.022 (0.17) | 0.419 |
Swing Time Asy (s) | 0.036 (0.055) | 0.041 (0.072) | 0.001 | 0.026 (0.033) | 0.029 (0.059) | 0.166 | 0.018 (0.050) | 0.019 (0.127) | 0.525 |
Stance Time Asy (s) | 0.041 (0.067) | 0.045 (0.071) | 0.009 | 0.028 (0.041) | 0.029 (0.043) | 0.065 | 0.019 (0.040) | 0.020 (0.211) | 0.453 |
Postural Control | |||||||||
Step Length Asy (m) | 0.055 (0.064) | 0.055 (0.073) | 0.554 | 0.036 (0.047) | 0.036 (0.058) | 0.868 | 0.020 (0.069) | 0.024 (0.766) | 0.073 |