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Table 3 Task Behaviours. Behaviours are described in detail and given a summary code. Codes with ‘G’ are general behaviours observable in all tasks

From: Powered wheelchair simulator development: implementing combined navigation-reaching tasks with a 3D hand motion controller

Code

Driving Behaviour

Code

Reaching Behaviour

DG1

Fluid drive-to-park: participants completed navigation without pausing

RG1

Start reaching before park: participants began reaching before their PW completely stopped

DG2

Parking Position: 2–4 positions depending on context

RG2

L/R hand: which hand was used to reach the target

DG3

Collision: any contact of the wheelchair with an obstacle

RG3

Adjust parking close for reach: misjudged reaching distance, i.e. reaching error

DEl1

Turn first/reverse first: how participants began navigating to the first button

RDe1

Pickup order: the object was picked up before, after, or at the same time as opening the drawer

DEl2

Waiting for door: participants waited for the door without repositioning their PW

RDe2

Heavy leaning: participants needed clearly uncomfortable trunk compensation to reach target

DEl3

Forward/reverse in: entering the elevator

RDe3

Close drawer hand: participants closed the drawer with either the same or opposite hand that placed the object inside the drawer

DEl4

Horizontal Adjust: a characteristic ‘S’ manoeuvre sideways

RDo1

Fluid turn + push: the door was opened in a single, non-segmented movement

DDo1

Advance straight: participants drove in a straight line to the door

RDo2

Hand still raised: while driving through the doorway

  1. Letter Codes: Driving (D), Reaching (R), General (G), Elevator (El), Desk (De), Door (Do)