Figure 5

Anterior-posterior ground reaction force and percent paretic propulsion (averaged over 5 subjects). Anterior-posterior GRF data (time-normalized to 101 data points across gait cycle) of paretic and non-paretic lower extremities were analyzed from the last minute of each condition (NoEXO – black; UnPOW – red; POWx3 – blue). For clarity, time-series data from POWx1 and POWx2 are not shown. The two vertical lines define the propulsion phase of stance (i.e., onset of propulsion and toe-off). The percent paretic propulsion (described by Bowden et al. [44]) signifies the symmetry of the propulsion impulse (less than 50% indicates greater reliance on the non-paretic limb for propulsion). There was no statistically significant effect of the exoskeleton on the percent paretic propulsion (p = 0.81).