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Table 1 Unilateral group.

From: Testing the potential of a virtual reality neurorehabilitation system during performance of observation, imagery and imitation of motor actions recorded by wireless functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)

Unilateral group [N = 15]

Observation

Motor imagery

Observation & motor imagery

Imitation

left hemisphere (contralateral) (μmol/l ± SD)

Mean Δ[O2Hb]

0.0692 ± 0.4510

0.0868 ± 0.5201

0.0446 ± 0.5741

0.1715 ± 0.4567

Mean Δ[HHb]

-0.0052 ± 0.1247

0.0356 ± 0.2043

-0.0089 ± 0.2391

0.0212 ± 0.1685

T-test, CI 95%

    

[O2Hb] p = value

p = 0.154

p = 0.049*

p = 0.333

p < 0.001*

[HHb] p-value

p = 0.161

p = 0.061

p = 0.760

p = 0.323

ANOVA, post-hoc-tests, Bonferroni 0.05

[HHb] p-value

[O2Hb] p = value

 
 

O - MI

p = 0.387

p = 1.000

 
 

O - O&MI

p = 1.000

p = 1.000

 
 

O - IM

p = 1.000

p = 0.509

 
 

MI - O&MI

p = 0.265

p = 1.000

 
 

MI - IM

p = 1.000

p = 0.934

 
 

O&MI - IM

p = 1.000

p = 0.194

 
  1. (Top) Mean signal amplitudes (μmol/l ± SD) of channels with significant concentration changes. Separate calculations for increases in [O2Hb], decreases in [HHb] in response to the four conditions for each group. Numbers were rounded to four decimal places. (Middle) Intra-condition statistical significance of the mean changes between [O2Hb]rest and [O2Hb]stim and [HHb]rest and [HHb]stim using the paired t-test; confidence interval (CI) = 95%. (Bottom) Inter-condition statistical significance of mean changes of Δ[O2Hb] and Δ[HHb] between the four conditions using ANOVA. Shown are post-hoc tests (with Bonferroni correction); significant values (p ≤ 0.05) are highlighted by * (observation = O, motor imagery = MI, observation & motor imagery = O & MI, imitation = IM)