Kinematics and muscle activity of individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury during treadmill stepping with and without manual assistance

Table 2 Cross-correlation analyses of EMG and kinematic profiles. Values shown are the results of cross correlation analyses comparing data for all speeds and conditions between: spinal cord injury subjects walking without manual assistance and control subject data (WO-Control), spinal cord injury subjects walking with manual assistance and control subject data (MA-control), and spinal cord injury subjects walking without manual assistance and with manual assistance (WO-MA). Waveforms and profiles were normalized to the percentage of the gait cycle and therefore the resulting shifts from the analyses are given in percentages. Statistical analyses were then performed (repeated measure ANOVAs) to find significant differences between R-values and time shifts.

		R-value	shift (%)			R-value	shift (%)
TA EMG	WO-Control	0.81	7	RF EMG	WO-Control	0.93	0
	MA-Control	0.82	5		MA-Control	0.93	0
	WO-MA	0.91*†	0*†		WO-MA	0.94	0
SO EMG	WO-Control	0.82	5	MH EMG	WO-Control	0.87	0
	MA-Control	0.84	2		MA-Control	0.86	0
	WO-MA	0.89*†	1		WO-MA	0.95*†	0
MG EMG	WO-Control	0.80	3	Ankle angle	WO-Control	0.47	-16
	MA-Control	0.80	2		MA-Control	0.37	-8
	WO-MA	0.90*†	0		WO-MA	0.77*†	2
LG EMG	WO-Control	0.83	3	Knee angle	WO-Control	0.87	-8
	MA-Control	0.85	-3		MA-Control	0.91*	-5*
	WO-MA	0.89*†	0		WO-MA	0.96*†	2*†
VM EMG	WO-Control	0.91	0	Hip angle	WO-Control	0.77	3
	MA-Control	0.92	0		MA-Control	0.78	4
	WO-MA	0.93*	0		WO-MA	0.92*†	1
VL EMG	WO-Control	0.91	0
	MA-Control	0.93*	0
	WO-MA	0.93	0

ISSN: 1743-0003