Figure 4

Augmentation Factor. The AF was calculated for six exoskeletal designs [3, 6, 10–12] and one energy harvesting design [13]. Red triangle markers are previously published studies on autonomous exoskeletons, the red diamond is an energy harvesting device, black squares are previously published studies on tethered exoskeletons, and the two red circles are the exoskeletal design of the present study. The red circle with a positive AF (powered) denotes the present exoskeleton when powered on, and the red circle with a negative AF (unpowered) denotes the present exoskeleton when the device was powered off and thus delivered zero mechanical power. The equation estimated by linear regression is y = 1.1x – 5 with an R² of 0.98.